GENERAL:  Momi (Abies firma), an endemic Japanese species and the most familiar of five native fir trees, is distributed on the islands of Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, and thrives from sea level up into the hills and lower mountainsides. At higher altitudes it is replaced by more cold-tolerant species such as A. mariesii (oo-shirapiso) and A. homolepis (urajiro-momi).  The momi is short-lived, rarely reaching more than 150~200 years, and is not highly valued as a timber tree.

IDENTIFICATION:  Trunk grows straight and tall, reaching heights of over 20m. Bark is grey or brown, breaking up into small segments on older trees. The leaves are attached to the branch by a wide base that resembles a pedestal or suction-cup.  Leaves on young trees and the lower branches of older trees split into two sharp points at the tip. Leaves on the upper branches of older trees are rounded at the tip, with a slight dip in the center.  The cones, 8-10 cm long, point straight up, and disintegrate and release their winged seeds while still on the tree.  The ground under the big trees is usually blanketed with fallen leaves, seed scales from the disintegrated cones, and winged seeds.

概要:モミは海岸や丘陵から山の中腹にかけて広く生育し、トドマツなど他のモミ属の樹木と比べて、比較的暖かい環境を好む。日本固有の種で、分布は東北から屋久島にかけて見られ、太平洋側に多く、日本海側では少ない。寿命は150〜200年と、やや短いとされている。

識別:高さ25メートルまで成長する常緑針葉樹。樹皮は浅く割れる。若木や大木の下部に生える葉は、先端が二つに裂けて鋭くとがっている。一方、上部の葉は先が丸く、わずかにくぼむ。葉の基部は、吸盤や台のように見える。球果は長さ約8センチで直立し、成熟しても松ぼっくりのように丸ごと落ちることはなく、枝に着いたままバラバラになって種を高いところから飛ばす。大木の下には、落ち葉や種子、球果の種鱗(しゅりん)が地面を覆っている。

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